Liphekolo tse Thehiloeng ho GLP-1 bakeng sa ho theola boima ba 'mele: Mekhoa, Bokhoni, le Tsoelo-pele ea Lipatlisiso

Sethethefatsi	Pontsho e ka Sehloohong	Tsamaiso	Karolelano ea Tahlehelo ea Boima
Liraglutide	Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere, botenya	Ente ea letsatsi le letsatsi	5–8%
Semaglutide	Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere, botenya	Ente ea beke le beke / ka molomo	10–15%
Tirzepatide	Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere, botenya	Ente ea beke le beke	15–22%
Retatrutide (lekong)	Botenya (bo se nang lefu la tsoekere)	Ente ea beke le beke	Ho fihla ho 24%

Tloaelo:Phetoho ea lithethefatsi e ntse e tsoela pele ho tsoa ho li-agonists tse le 'ngoe tsa GLP-1 → li-agonists tse peli tsa GIP/GLP-1 → li-agonists tse tharo (GIP/GLP-1/GCGR).

3. Liteko tse kholo tsa Clinical le Liphetho

Semaglutide - Liteko tsa MOHATO

• MOHATO 1 (NEJM, 2021)

  • Barupeluoa: Batho ba baholo ba nang le botenya, ba se nang lefu la tsoekere

  • Tekanyetso: 2.4 mg beke le beke (subcutaneous)

  • Results: Ho bolela ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ba14.9%ka libeke tse 68 khahlanong le 2.4% le placebo

  • ~ 33% ea barupeluoa ba fihletse ≥20% tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele.

• MOHATO WA 5 (2022)

  • E bonts'itse tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele ka lilemo tse 2 le ntlafatso ea maemo a kotsi a cardiometabolic.

Tirzepatide - SURMOUNT & SURPASS Mananeo

• SURMOUNT-1 (NEJM, 2022)

  • Barupeluoa: Batho ba baholo ba nang le botenya, ba se nang lefu la tsoekere

  • Tekanyetso: 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg beke le beke

  • Results: Ho bolela ho theola boima ba 'mele ea15–21%ka mor'a libeke tse 72 (ho itšetlehile ka tekanyetso)

  • Hoo e ka bang 40% e fihletsoe ≥25% ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele.

• Liteko tsa SURPASS (Baahi ba lefu la tsoekere)

  • Phokotso ea HbA1c: ho fihlela2.2%

  • Ho lahleheloa ke boima ba 'mele ka nako e tšoanang10–15%.

4. Melemo e Ekelitsoeng ea Bophelo bo Botle le Melemo ea Metabolic

• Phokotso eakhatello ea mali, K'holeseterole ea LDL, letriglycerides

• Fokotsehileviscerallemafura a sebete(ntlafatso ea NAFLD)

• Kotsi e tlase ealiketsahalo tsa pelo(mohlala, MI, stroke)

• Ho lieha ho tsoela pele ho tloha ho prediabetes ho ea ho mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere

5. Tšireletseho Profile le ho nahanela

Litla-morao tse tloaelehileng (hangata li bobebe ho isa ho tse itekanetseng):

• Ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa, bloating, constipation

• Ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo

• Mathata a nakoana a mala

Litlhokomeliso / li-contraindications:

• Histori ea pancreatitis kapa medullary thyroid carcinoma

• Boimana le ho anyesa

• Butle-butle lethal dose titration kgothaletswa ho ntlafatsa tolerability

6. Litaelo tsa Lipatlisiso tsa Bokamoso

1. Meloko e latelang ea li-agonists tse ngata:

   • Li-agonists tse tharo tse shebileng GIP/GLP-1/GCGR (mohlala,Retatrutide)

2. Meetso ea Oral GLP-1:

   • Semaglutide ea molomo e phahameng (ho fihlela ho 50 mg) tlas'a tlhahlobo

3. Metsoako ea phekolo:

   • GLP-1 + insulin kapa SGLT2 inhibitors

4. Lisosa tse kholo tsa metabolic:

   • Lefu la sebete le se nang joala (NAFLD), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), ho koaleha moea ka nakoana borokong, ho thibela pelo le methapo.

7. Qetello

Lithethefatsi tse thehiloeng ho GLP-1 li emela phetoho e kholo ho tloha taolong ea lefu la tsoekere ho ea taolong e felletseng ea metabolic le boima ba 'mele.
Ka baemeli ba joaloSemaglutideleTirzepatide, tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele e sa etsoang ho feta 20% e se e ka finyelloa.
Li-agonists tsa nako e tlang tsa li-receptor tse ngata li lebelletsoe ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso, ho tšoarella le melemo ea cardiometabolic.